Amir Hamza Bashir: Land is one of the most valuable and contested assets in Pakistan. The legal framework that governs the ownership, possession, and transfer of land is known as Land Law. It ensures that property rights are protected and that disputes over land are resolved through legal and transparent means.
Historical Background of Land Law in Pakistan
The foundation of land laws in Pakistan was laid during the British colonial era through legislation such as the Land Revenue Act and the Registration Act. After independence in 1947, these laws continued to guide Pakistan’s land management system. Today, major statutes like the West Pakistan Land Revenue Act, 1967, and the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, remain the cornerstone of land governance and property transfer in the country.
Land Record Management and Reforms
Traditionally, the Patwari system has been responsible for maintaining land records across Pakistan. However, it has often been criticized for corruption, manipulation, and lack of transparency. In recent years, the government has initiated significant reforms through the Punjab Land Records Authority (PLRA) and other provincial projects to digitize land records and reduce human interference in property registration and ownership verification.
Challenges in Pakistan’s Land System
Despite reforms, Pakistan continues to face issues like illegal possession (land grabbing), forged documents, and slow judicial processes. These problems create uncertainty for investors and ordinary citizens alike. To overcome these challenges, there is a strong need for comprehensive digital record-keeping, specialized land tribunals, and public awareness campaigns to educate citizens about their property rights.
Land law is not just a legal framework — it is the foundation of economic stability and social justice in Pakistan. A fair, transparent, and efficient land management system encourages investment, infrastructure development, and public trust in state institutions. Strengthening land laws and ensuring their effective implementation are vital steps toward achieving legal certainty and sustainable growth in Pakistan.
The Author is a Student of LLB (7th Semester).
